Plein air, translating to 鈥榦pen air鈥 in French, refers to a genre of landscape painting that is done, exclusively or primarily, outdoors and on-site. In mid-19th century France this mode of art making became popularized with the advent of the Impressionist movement and Barbizon School, which produced such artists as:
Claude Monet,
Edgar Degas, Jean Millet,
Camille Pissarro, and Pierre-August
Renoir. As time progressed, Impressionist movements gained momentum in Russia and the United States. The Impressionist movement sought to replicate the illusory effects of light, color, and atmosphere, and proceeded to inform the Fauvist movement and the advent of what is commonly referred to as 鈥楳odern Art.鈥 There remains a strong demographic of artists working in the mode of
plein air today, particularly throughout California.